Devadatta: Devadatta is a multifaceted figure who personifies the quest for excellence. He is a well-educated, morally upright man who is madly in love with Padmini. Devadatta’s internal conflicts are apparent as he battles with both the constraints of human existence and his need for fulfilment. His persona functions as a prism through which the viewer examines the difficulties in establishing one’s identity and finding personal fulfilment. Devadatta is the protagonist of the love triangle, and her choices and tribulations serve as the story’s main points, emphasising how people often pursue romanticised ideals of love and identity.

Padmini: The focus of Devadatta and Kapila’s affections, Padmini is a complex figure divided by opposing feelings. Her internal struggle emerges as a central theme, illuminating the complexities of desire and love. Padmini’s persona delves into the expectations of society and the difficulties people encounter when managing their emotions in the face of outside influences. Karnad skillfully integrates her persona into the play, drawing on her personal encounters to illuminate the intricacies of interpersonal bonds and the aftermath of decision-making.

Kapila: Devadatta’s adversary for Kapila’s affections is a powerful and attractive man. His presence adds a rivalry and competitive element that reflects the complexity of human emotions. The character of Kapila questions conventional ideas of masculinity and investigates the possibility that physical attractiveness and strength might not be sufficient criteria for contentment or pleasure. Karnad uses Kapila to illustrate the fleeting nature of desire and the negative effects of chasing after flimsy ideals.

Hayavadana: The titular character, Hayavadana, with a horse’s head on a human body, symbolizes the imperfection and absurdity of life. Hayavadana becomes a metaphor for the futility of seeking perfection and the inevitable flaws inherent in human existence. Karnad utilizes this character to comment on the limitations of the human condition, emphasizing that the quest for completeness may lead to unexpected and paradoxical outcomes.

Doll: A fantastical and dreamlike aspect of the story is introduced by the Puppetteer’s invention, Doll. Her persona defies conventional conceptions of existence by symbolising the blending of truth and fantasy. Karnad examines the effects of altering reality and the erratic nature of human wants as Doll gets involved in the lives of the other characters.

Puppetteer: The Puppetteer, the creator of the Doll, acts as a puppet master manipulating the lives of the characters. His role symbolizes the external forces that influence human destinies, raising questions about free will and the extent to which individuals can shape their own lives. The Puppetteer’s actions propel the plot forward, adding an element of theatricality and symbolism to the narrative.

In “Hayavadana,” Girish Karnad masterfully weaves together these characters, each contributing to the exploration of profound themes while maintaining their individuality and complexity within the larger framework of the play.